AQA GCSE Combined Science: Trilogy — Physics Paper 2 (Foundation Tier)

Total marks: 70 · Duration: 75 minutes · Tier: Foundation

Instructions to candidates

• Answer all questions in the spaces provided.
• You are expected to use a calculator where appropriate.
• This paper covers Topics 22–24: Forces, Waves, and Magnetism and Electromagnetism.
• You may use the equations given in each question.
• The maximum mark for this paper is 70. The marks for each question are shown in brackets.

Paper

Section A — Multiple Choice (5 marks)

For each question, choose the one correct answer.

1. Which of these is a vector quantity (has size and direction)? (1 mark) A) Mass B) Temperature C) Force D) Time

2. What is the unit of force? (1 mark) A) joule B) newton C) watt D) pascal

3. In which type of wave do the particles vibrate at right angles to the direction the wave travels? (1 mark) A) Longitudinal B) Transverse C) Sound D) Seismic P-wave

4. Like poles of two magnets will… (1 mark) A) attract B) repel C) do nothing D) melt

5. Which material is magnetic? (1 mark) A) Copper B) Aluminium C) Iron D) Plastic

Section B — Structured Questions (65 marks)

6. Forces can be contact or non-contact. (a) Give one example of a non-contact force. (1 mark) (b) The weight of an object depends on its mass and gravity. Use: weight = mass × gravitational field strength. Calculate the weight of a 6 kg bag where g = 9.8 N/kg. (2 marks) (c) State the difference between mass and weight. (2 marks) (d) Two forces act on a box: 30 N to the right and 12 N to the left. Work out the resultant force and its direction. (2 marks)

7. A car travels along a straight road. Use: distance = speed × time (a) The car travels at 15 m/s for 8 s. Calculate the distance travelled. (2 marks) (b) The diagram shows a distance–time graph for part of the journey. [Diagram: a distance–time graph with a straight sloped line, then a horizontal line.] What does the horizontal part of the graph show about the car? (1 mark) (c) Define the term acceleration. (1 mark)

8. A spring is stretched by hanging masses on it. Use: force = spring constant × extension (F = k e) (a) A force of 8 N stretches a spring by 0.2 m. Calculate the spring constant. (3 marks) (b) State what is meant by the limit of proportionality. (2 marks) (c) Stretching a spring stores energy. Name this energy store. (1 mark)

9. Waves transfer energy. (a) Name the parts of a wave labelled X and Y. (2 marks) [Diagram: a transverse wave with X marking the amplitude and Y marking the wavelength.] (b) Use wave speed = frequency × wavelength to calculate the speed of a wave with frequency 50 Hz and wavelength 0.4 m. (2 marks) (c) Sound is a longitudinal wave. Describe how the particles move in a longitudinal wave. (2 marks) (d) Give one use of ultrasound. (1 mark)

10. The electromagnetic spectrum is a family of waves. (a) All electromagnetic waves are transverse and travel at the same speed in a vacuum. Name the type of radiation used in TV remote controls. (1 mark) (b) Put these three in order of increasing wavelength: X-rays, visible light, radio waves. (2 marks) (c) Give one danger of ultraviolet radiation to the human body. (1 mark) (d) Give one use of microwaves. (1 mark)

11. A wire carrying a current produces a magnetic field. (a) Describe how you could show that a current-carrying wire has a magnetic field around it. (2 marks) (b) Name two ways to make an electromagnet stronger. (2 marks) (c) Give one device that uses an electromagnet. (1 mark)

12. A permanent magnet has a magnetic field. (a) State the direction of the magnetic field lines around a bar magnet. (1 mark) (b) Explain the difference between a permanent magnet and an induced magnet. (2 marks)

13. This question is about stopping distance. Explain how the stopping distance of a car is made up of thinking distance and braking distance, and describe factors that increase each one. (6 marks)

14. This question is about forces, waves and magnetism. (a) Define a vector quantity. (1 mark) (b) Use weight = mass × g (g = 9.8 N/kg) to find the weight of a 5 kg mass. (2 marks) (c) A box has 20 N acting right and 8 N acting left. Work out the resultant force and its direction. (2 marks) (d) Use distance = speed × time to find the distance travelled at 12 m/s for 5 s. (2 marks) (e) Define acceleration. (1 mark) (f) Use force = mass × acceleration to find the force on an 800 kg car accelerating at 3 m/s². (3 marks) (g) Use wave speed = frequency × wavelength for a wave of frequency 10 Hz and wavelength 3 m. (2 marks) (h) State one difference between a transverse and a longitudinal wave. (2 marks) (i) Put in order of increasing wavelength: gamma rays, visible light, radio waves. (2 marks) (j) Give one use of microwaves. (1 mark) (k) Give two ways to make an electromagnet stronger. (2 marks) (l) Name one device that uses an electromagnet. (1 mark) (m) State what happens when two like magnetic poles are brought together. (1 mark)