What you'll learn
How Edward I ruled and expanded royal power.
Government and law
- Strengthening royal authority, legal reforms and the growth of Parliament (the 'Model Parliament', 1295).
- Raising finance and dealing with the barons.
Wars
- Conquest of Wales and castle-building (e.g. Caernarfon).
- Wars in Scotland: conflict with William Wallace and Robert Bruce; 'Hammer of the Scots'.
Church and society
- Relations with the Church and the expulsion of the Jews (1290).
Exam tips
- Explain how war and law both extended Edward's power.
- Use precise detail (dates, names, places).
Common mistakes
- Treating Parliament as fully democratic.
- Confusing the Welsh and Scottish campaigns.