What you'll learn
Core Hindu beliefs about reality and the goal of life.
Key beliefs
- Brahman: the one ultimate reality, expressed through deities such as Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva.
- Atman: the eternal soul, part of Brahman.
- Samsara (rebirth), karma (action and consequence), and moksha (liberation — the goal).
- Dharma: duty, and the ways/paths (margas) toward moksha.
Exam tips
- Connect the terms (karma shapes samsara; moksha is release).
- Reference texts such as the Bhagavad Gita and Upanishads.
Common mistakes
- Describing 'many gods' without explaining Brahman.
- Confusing moksha with a Christian idea of heaven.