Construction Materials: Roofing and Insulation — CSEC Building Technology
The roof protects a building from the weather. Insulation reduces unwanted heat transfer.
Functions of a roof
A roof protects the building and occupants from rain, sun and wind and helps shed rainwater away from the structure.
Types of roof
- Pitched roof — sloped, sheds rainwater quickly; common with metal sheeting or tiles.
- Flat roof — little or no slope; needs good waterproofing and drainage.
Parts of a pitched roof
- Ridge — the highest horizontal line where two slopes meet.
- Eaves — the lower edge that overhangs the walls.
- Slope — the inclined surface; its angle is the pitch.
- Gutter — collects rainwater at the eaves.
Roofing materials
- Galvanised metal sheeting (steel coated with zinc to prevent rust) is widely used in the Caribbean.
- Clay/concrete tiles and shingles are also used.
Insulation
Insulation reduces the rate of heat transfer through the roof. In the Caribbean it helps keep interiors cooler, improving comfort and reducing air-conditioning energy costs.
Exam tips
- A roof protects from rain, sun and wind.
- Pitched = sloped; flat = little slope.
- Learn the parts: ridge (top), eaves (lower edge), gutter.
- Galvanising (zinc coating) prevents steel sheeting from rusting; insulation reduces heat transfer.