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CIE · IGCSE · Chemistry

Water: treatment and hardness
Practice Questions

20 CIE IGCSE Chemistry questions on Water: treatment and hardness, each with instant feedback and a full examiner-style mark scheme.

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Try 2 sample questions on Water: treatment and hardness

Question 1 · 1 mark · Difficulty 1/3

Which of the following processes is NOT used in the treatment of water to make it safe for drinking?

  1. filtration through sand beds
  2. addition of chlorine
  3. distillation
  4. sedimentation in settlement tanks
Show answer & explanation
✓ Answer: Cdistillation
Award 1 mark for identifying distillation. Distillation is not used in large-scale municipal water treatment due to high energy costs. A, B and D are all standard stages in water treatment plants. B is incorrect because chlorination is essential for killing bacteria. C is correct because distillation is too expensive. D is incorrect because sedimentation removes suspended solids.
Question 2 · 1 mark · Difficulty 2/3

A water treatment company in Malaysia uses aluminium sulfate (alum) in the water purification process. What is the purpose of adding aluminium sulfate?

  1. to kill bacteria and viruses in the water
  2. to remove hardness from the water
  3. to cause small particles to clump together so they settle out
  4. to adjust the pH of the water to neutral
Show answer & explanation
✓ Answer: Cto cause small particles to clump together so they settle out
Award 1 mark for C. Aluminium sulfate acts as a coagulant (or flocculant), causing small suspended particles to clump together into larger particles (flocs) that settle out during sedimentation. A is incorrect because chlorine is used for disinfection. B is incorrect because ion exchange or washing soda removes hardness. D is incorrect as this is not the primary purpose.
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20 questions · 25 min · free

CIE IGCSE Chemistry: Water: treatment and hardness FAQ

How many CIE IGCSE Chemistry questions on Water: treatment and hardness are there on Kramizo?
Kramizo currently has 20 exam-board-aligned practice questions on Water: treatment and hardness for CIE IGCSE Chemistry, with new questions added every week. Each question gives you instant feedback and a full examiner-style mark scheme that tells you exactly what would earn marks on a real CIE paper. The questions span the full difficulty range — from straightforward recall (level 1) right up to multi-step reasoning and evaluation (level 3) — so the bank works for first-pass revision and final exam-week stress testing alike.
Is Kramizo free for CIE IGCSE students preparing for Chemistry?
Yes — completely free. Every student gets 45 questions a day on the free plan, with no card required and no trial countdown. That free quota works across every subject and every topic in our bank, so you can mix Water: treatment and hardness practice with other Chemistry topics or even switch to a totally different CIE subject without paying anything. Kramizo's optional Pro plan removes the daily cap and adds detailed progress analytics, but the free tier is the real product — used by thousands of GCSE, IGCSE and CSEC students.
Are the Water: treatment and hardness questions aligned to the official CIE IGCSE Chemistry syllabus?
Every question is written against the published CIE IGCSE Chemistry specification, including the exact command words (state, describe, explain, calculate, evaluate, etc.), mark allocations, and difficulty tier you'd see on a real CIE paper. Explanations are written in the style of official examiner mark schemes — they tell you what is being awarded marks and why distractors are wrong, not just whether you got it right. The bank is continually refined to match the latest syllabus updates from CIE.
How is Water: treatment and hardness typically tested on CIE IGCSE Chemistry papers?
Water: treatment and hardness appears across multiple question types on real CIE IGCSE Chemistry papers — most commonly as multiple-choice questions in the objective section, structured short-answer questions in the main paper, and occasionally as part of an extended response. Kramizo's practice bank reflects that mix: 4-option MCQs, true/false statements, fill-in-the-blank key terms, multi-select questions, and ordering questions. Working through the bank gives you exposure to every question style examiners actually use.

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