A historian is analysing the reasons for French defeat at Dien Bien Phu in 1954. The French established a fortified base in a valley surrounded by hills. Which factor was most significant in explaining the French defeat?

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Question

A historian is analysing the reasons for French defeat at Dien Bien Phu in 1954. The French established a fortified base in a valley surrounded by hills. Which factor was most significant in explaining the French defeat?

Accepted Answer

The Viet Minh positioned artillery in the surrounding hills and cut off French supplies — Award 1 mark for identifying the strategic advantage of Viet Minh artillery positions. D is incorrect — the ratio was approximately 5 to 1, not 100 to 1. B is incorrect — the US did provide financial and material support to France, though not direct military intervention. C is incorrect — there was no significant mutiny.

Answer

The French soldiers mutinied against their commanders

Answer

The French forces were outnumbered by more than 100 to 1

Answer

The Viet Minh positioned artillery in the surrounding hills and cut off French supplies

Answer

The United States refused to provide any military assistance to France

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